For boosting Ukraine’s defense system, Ukraine and France underwent a major deal near an air base in Paris, in which Ukraine will receive up to 100 of France’s Rafale F4 fighter jets as well as advanced air defense systems. However, deliveries of F4 fighter jets are planned to be completed by 2035, whereas the joint production of interceptor drones will start this year.

For resource mobilization, France is planning to work out EU financing and also intends to access the frozen Russian sovereign assets (around 210 billion euros). However, EU member states do not have uniformity in utilizing these frozen sovereign assets.

Based on international news, eight air defense systems and other advanced weaponry will be provided to Ukraine by France.

Interestingly, there is another layer of complexity when analyzing this deal regarding the financing mechanism. How the French will develop the financial mechanism to deliver hundreds of fighter jets is uncertain, as France is also under economic uncertainties, and relying only on its budget may not be a workable option for Macron. Furthermore, any Western military hardware, like German-made Leopard 2 tanks or American F-16 fighter jets, requires training and logistics to operate, followed by intensive training, sizable support crews, and a lot of spare parts. This makes the deal complicated to be implemented.